Application of sharia childbirth innovation model in Indonesia: Perspective of midwives and staff of the Islamic Service Unit.

BACKGROUND: The implementation of Sharia Model Childbirth (SMC) is in accordance with Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) no l07/DSN-MUI/X/2016 on the practice of sharia principles in health services. Sharia services in hospitals are general. This SMC innovation is specific and comprehensive, covering prenatal, delivery and postnatal. This model was implemented in 2017 but has never been qualitatively evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of SMC in the maternity services from the perspective of midwives and staff of the Islamic service unit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Applied qualitative research was conducted from 5 December 2021 to 31 January 2022. In-person in-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview guidelines. Informants were taken from the midwives of the maternity room and the Islamic service installation until a fair saturation of data was achieved. Observational and documentation were conducted for the validity of the data. The data were analyzed thematically and presented in themes and sub-themes. RESULTS: The results of the study were on the work procedures implemented, and the obstacles and shortcomings found. Most of the procedures and accompanying regulations had been implemented. Participants revealed obstacles and shortcomings in this innovative program. The major obstacle found was that the patient's right to choose a female medical officer was not fulfilled because of the type of teaching hospital it was and the lack of female medical staff. The shortcomings were in the reading of prayers and remembrances, the understanding of the contents of the manual, and the design of the delivery room, which did not maintain privacy. CONCLUSION: Overall, SMC is being implemented, but there are obstacles and shortcomings in the implementation. Solutions and regulations in sharia services should urgently be found and enforced. The deficiencies in this innovative program must be corrected immediately.

Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of n-hexane extract and its fractions from Blumea balsamifera L. leaves.

Blumea balsamifera is a plant species that has been popularly used to treat a broad spectrum of diseases. In efforts of tackling the increasing threat of cancers, B. balsamifera has been studied for its anticancer potentials. Hence, through this research, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of n-hexane extract from B. balsamifera L. leaves along with its fractionation products. After the n-hexane extract has been obtained, the sample was column chromatographed using gradient elution with n-hexane:ethyl acetate solvent. All the isolation protocols produced 1 n-hexane extract and 10 different fractions (fractions 1-10). Antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of the samples were assessed based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and brine shrimp lethality test assay, respectively. None of the samples have a strong antioxidant level because all samples yielded IC50 of more than 100 ppm - the best of them was fraction 8 with IC50 = 113.716 ppm. On contrary, most of the samples were observed to have a potent antiproliferative effect, especially fraction 8 with LC50 = 2.00 ppm. Taken altogether, fraction 8 from the n-hexane extract of B. balsamifera L. leaves is the most potential candidate for proliferative disease therapy, where further studies confirming the results are required.

In-Vitro Screenings for Biological and Antioxidant Activities of Water Extract from Theobroma cacao L. Pod Husk: Potential Utilization in Foods.

Increasing production of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) leads to a higher environmental burden due to its solid waste generation. Cocoa pod husk, one of the major solid wastes of cocoa production, contains rich bioactive compounds unveiling its valorization potential. With that in mind, our research aimed to explore the biological and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts from cocoa pod husks. In this present work, cocoa pod husk was extracted using water and subsequentially partitioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antimicrobial investigation revealed that the ethyl acetate solubles were active against the Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, where at a 20% w/v concentration, the inhibition diameters were 6.62 ± 0.10, 6.52 ± 0.02, and 11.72 ± 0.36 mm, respectively. The extracts were found non-toxic proven by brine shrimp lethality tests against Artemia salina with LC50 scores ranging from 74.1 to 19,054.6 µg/mL. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were obtained in the range of 47.44 to 570.44 mg/g GAE and 1.96 to 4.34 mg/g QE, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the obtained extracts were revealed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay with EC50 reached as low as 9.61 µg/mL by the ethyl acetate soluble. Phytochemical screening based on gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis on the sample with the highest antioxidant activities revealed the dominant presence of three phytosterols, namely gamma-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol.

Thermal Condition of Muscle Area Around the Temporomandibular Joint in Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using Infrared Thermography Application: A Case Report.

Recently, the use of infrared thermography in medical has been increasingly developed and widely used in medical devices to detect diseases, including one used in the field of dentistry, which can be used to detect joint conditions in case of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Some literature has shown this method of infrared thermography was used to determine the surface temperature of the skin based on the emission of infrared radiation from the body. Thermal measurement is also a noninvasive method that does not provide patient inconvenience, but its application until now has not been so wide. The case study reported on the description of thermal condition of muscle area around temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a 42-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease. She had experienced TMD. Infrared thermography is applied to observe the thermal condition of the muscle area around the right and left joints by thermal detection. Thermal measurement was obtained on infrared image capture, and the temperature difference was found to be greater than 0.3°C. Several studies have shown that temperature in the area around TMJ was higher, and thermal asymmetry was greater in individuals with joint disorder/TMD when compared with normal groups.

Macrophylloflavone: A New Biflavonoid from Garcinia macrophylla Mart. (Clusiaceae) for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Activities.

Investigations of antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus activities have been carried out on Garcinia macrophylla Mart. plant extract fractions. An isolate from a fraction of ethyl acetate extract was characterized with spectroscopic data. A new biflavonoid compound was found to have a skeleton of 5,7,4',5″,7″,3‴,4‴-heptahydroxyflavanone[3-6″] flavones which was named macrophylloflavone (1). The compound was evaluated for its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with cephazolin as a positive control, antioxidant assay against 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with ascorbic acid as the positive control, and anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment with metformin as a positive control. The biflavonoid compound exhibited a good inhibition for bacteria and free radical DPPH. Furthermore, biflavonoid compound treatment on the diabetic rats suggested its ability to decrease the blood glucose level. This study provided evidence that the plant has antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties.